The catch: We went around Sultan Kudarat and Lanao del Norte in three and a half days. Up the mountains, near the coast, into an MNLF community (with a truckload of soldiers as escorts), and around Iligan and Cagayan de Oro with two awesome escorts with weapons almost as big as I am. (Photos to follow in another album.)
And I just came back from the trip. Sabaw at sabog, name it. Extremely tired, but very satisfied with the experience. I have a trail of mosquito bites on my left arm, and a couple more on my right. Despite the physical exhaustion, I cannot let this night pass without noting some of the most significant insights I got from this trip.
(1) Research work is only as real as your respondents. And younger researchers take for granted the guidelines on research methodology until they get a taste of the real thing. I've been doing this for a while, but I still get surprised with contextual realities. For this particular trip, it was the issue of language barrier. I, for one, can't speak a word of Bisaya, but most of the interviewees can better express themselves in the native tongue. They are hesitant to use English because they think they will be ridiculed. So we have to reassure them, try to read between the lines, and in worst case scenarios, lambingin ang escort namin para maging interpreter. And it worked out fine. But I did wish I knew a bit of Bisaya. It would have helped a lot.
(2) People are scared of the military, but most of the basis of their grievances against the military are stemming from the Martial Law experience. The perception of the military as berdugo has not significantly changed, and the cases of extra-judicial killings are not helping. The issue of Muslim vs Christians are only a front to the deeply-rooted fear of the military that people hold.
But with the interviews I conducted, it occured to me that people are just waiting for the military to make their move towards peace, reconciliation, and development. Just as any powerful and elite institution (and being members thereof), there is a distance that must be bridged. In the efforts of Col. Gavin Edjawan, it was so clear to me how a little lambing and concern resulting in concrete developmental work can change so much in the grassroots.
They do military immersions. The military group approached the MNLF community to consult with them regarding their concerns. One interviewee said that in one of their "foundation day" celebrations, the military joined the sports competitions, with the MILF and MNLF teams. He said, "Sa basketball, panalo ang military, kasi athletic talaga sila. Pero nung track and field, panalo ang MNLF. Kasi mas mabibilis tumakbo." Then there was laughter in the interview table.
Another interviewee recalled the time when the military had to leave the immersion site after two months. Gusto daw magbarikada ng mga tao para wag lamang umalis ang mga sundalo. Nag-iiyakan ang mga nanay-nanayan dahil aalis na sila.
These are the stories and the developmental efforts that have to be shared and replicated. As with any case of misrepresented groups (in terms of perception), the military has to reach out to the people. One junior officer said, namimiss din daw nila ang encounter, kasi syempre iba yun. Pero pag nabigyan sila ng pagkakataong maging commander na, magiging peace-builder din daw sila.
The fault of a few military generals and their commander-in-chief cannot be generalized to all the soldiers. The situation is more complicated than that. But I also cannot say that all soldiers have the peace-building framework in mind. That is the challenge that the Armed Forces has to deal with. Hindi pwedeng isolated cases lamang ang mga developmental work.
I also hope that Col. Gavin's work can be sustained. As with the case of any military officer, they are assigned to one place then moved to another in a year or so. I hope the situation does not regress in the long run.
(3) Every local government unit executive should have a proper level of education for them to handle systems-thinking. Primarily because they are systems-managers and systems-builders. We all know the history of the Dimaporos in Lanao del Norte. I requested for Gov. Khalid's case because I was interested to get to know how the 'terror' political clans can improve. And my hopes when I began working on his case are not in vain.
I was surprised to know that Gov. Khalid writes his own speeches. He makes his own powerpoint presentations. (Knock knock all you bosses out there!!!) He studied Bisaya because he could not speak a word of it when he was asked by his father to run for the elections in 2007. And he's still bulol sometimes, according to some people in the barangay, but they say this with a smile, and with a lot of appreciation on Gov. Khalid's effort.
He said in one of our previous interviews, the governorship and the political career was something he did not outright choose. But because he is already there, he said he will make the most of it.
In his Indigency Program, he sought to make the health care system in the province into an economic enterprise. The provincial government paid for the initial capitation of the PhilHealth of all people in the province. Budgets and contracts were made to improve hospitals. From two in 2006, there are now five, turning 6 in early 2010. Among many other components of the health care reform..
I envy the people in the province. Seriously. I don't think I have that peace of mind that (heaven forbid) I need to go to the hospital as an in-patient or out-patient, I won't have to worry about where my payment will come from. And that health care they're having now is because a local government official took his job seriously, made the necessary research and studies, and acted like how a local chief executive should be.
It's not a dole-out system. The people have to secure their legal requirements (birth certificates and marriage certificates) for one time, then renew their PhilHealth membership every year. It's their stake. And I was surprised that in some barangays, there are people who do not have birth certificates. So legally, some of the people I talked to were not existing. But there are measures within the program to address that.
Generally, development practitioners are hesitant to use management theories and frameworks to run local government units, because definitely, there is a different between businesses and governance. I suppose, the key element there is to teach public servants to really think (as you would guess, a lot of polticians are all-talk-no-action). Public servants have to learn the sense of urgency required for action since they have term limits. And public servants have to learn to create systems that will place welfare outside the problems of political transitions.
Hindi kami gaanong close ni Gov. Khalid, kahit na may isang taon ko na rin syang binubuntutan at sinusubaybayan at kinakausap. He still refers to me as "Czarina my case writer". But I'm contented with having known what he has done, and to look forward to what the systems he placed could do in the long run.
Of course there's still the argument that he was able to do this because he has the networks to do so. But I can easily argue that, if we count all the politicians coming from political families (and most of them are), we can only count by our hands and feet those who are really doing something concrete that trickles down to the grassroots level.
There are still challenges that the health care system has to face. And I'm excited about how the provincial government will deal with that. Those at least will be things I should be noting for the research.
(4) In an unrelated note. Next time I go field work, I need to bring mosquito repellants, Extra Joss, and Smart Bro. I realized that days without sufficient Internet access can drive me insane. Boohoo. I'm a slave of the modern world. A cyborg. Technologies are appended to me and I seem unable to function properly without them.
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Next month, I'll be in Tawi-tawi. Hello Malaysian barter. Gimme my shopping spree.
This work by Czarina Medina is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 Philippines License.









